Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Translational Research in Urology
2717-042X
2
3
2020
08
10
The Hypothesis of the COVID-19 Role in Acute kidney Injury: A Literatures Review
74
78
EN
Abdolreza
Mohammadi
0000-0002-0483-2635
Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
ab2rezamohammadi@yahoo.com
Seyed Mohammad Kazem
Aghamir
0000-0003-1611-0362
Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
mkaghamir@tums.ac.ir
10.22034/tru.2020.255389.1040
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019) is a viral infection that mainly causes pulmonary infection. Still, mortality usually occurs in patients with comorbidities, such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), which accounts for over 20% of mortalities, morbid obesity, immunosuppression, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cancer. Also, the incidence of acute kidney failure was reported to be 5-10% in outpatient series and up to 50% in patients that need to be admitted to the intensive care unit. It is important to know that acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with increased mortality, so this essay will review possible mechanisms that result in AKI. Based on the multifactorial mechanism of AKI, we should have considered probable causes of AKI and acted stepwise to tackle these mechanisms and improve the ultimate prognosis of patients. Although most of the measures are supportive, in some patients, such as severely ill cases, cytokine storm may be attributed to the severity of symptoms, so immunomodulatory treatments could decrease AKI and mortality. Among hypotheses that propose AKI, a virus's pre-renal and direct renal involvement are discussed in detail.
Acute kidney injury,Acute tubular necrosis,Chronic kidney disease,Covid-2019,Infection
http://www.transresurology.com/article_119469.html
http://www.transresurology.com/article_119469_67d14fcc0436d96b71037fa7263ab9f7.pdf
Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Translational Research in Urology
2717-042X
2
3
2020
08
15
Case Report: Rare Bladder Injury During Cesarean Section
79
82
EN
Ali
Tavoosian
0000-0003-0311-3185
Department of Urology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
alitavoosian@gmail.com
Akram
Mirzaei
0000-0003-2219-999X
Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
mirzaee.scholar@gmail.com
Mohammad
Aslzare
Department of Urology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
mohamamadasle@gmail.com
10.22034/tru.2020.256568.1041
<strong>Introduction</strong><br />Bladder injury is an urgent emergency case requiring urgent treatment in order to restore the normal function of the urinary system.<br /><strong>Case presentation</strong><br />Here we present a 38-year-old woman with a history of primary infertility with a twin pregnancy following in vitro fertilization (IVF). Because of the high adhesion, the anterior wall of the bladder cut transversely instead of the anterior wall of the uterus. In this case of twin cesarean section, the anterior wall, posterior wall, and uterine wall were opened. The twins were removed from the bladder by two incisions and then the posterior and anterior wall of the bladder were repaired by an expert urologist as well as the uterus followed by medication by anticholinergic and antibiotics. This case report emphasizes the essential roles of bladder emergency repair in restoring the normal function of the urinary system.<br /><strong>Conclusions</strong><br />Bladder injury is the most common complication during gyneco-genital surgery. Most of this damage is intraperitoneal that needs repair during the surgery and prolonged bladder catheterization.
Bladder injury,twin pregnancy,Cesarean section
http://www.transresurology.com/article_119515.html
http://www.transresurology.com/article_119515_fb19233e38b95533f95b45ebab851dce.pdf
Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Translational Research in Urology
2717-042X
2
3
2020
08
16
Homeostatic Efficacy of Microporous Polysaccharide Hemosphere in Post-Operative Complications Reduction of Tubeless Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy
83
88
EN
Seyed Mohammad Kazem
Aghamir
0000-0003-1611-0362
Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
mkaghamir@tums.ac.ir
Mahdi
Ramezani-binabaj
0000-0002-0770-0654
Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
ramezanimahdi70@gmail.com
Fatemeh
Khatami
0000-0002-6311-1336
Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
fatemehkhatami1978@gmail.com
Behrooz
Fatahi
0000-0001-7674-036
Department of Urology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Lorestan, Iran
b.fatahi4@gmail.com
10.22034/tru.2020.257231.1047
<strong>Introduction</strong><br />Current hemostatic agents are needed to reduce bleeding and transfusion during several surgery processes. Plant-based absorbable surgical hemostatic agents (microporous polysaccharide hemospheres) are proposed for use in surgical wound sites as an absorbable hemostat and in this study, we checked its efficacy.<br /><strong>Methods</strong><br />This study was run under the Tehran University of Medical Science Ethics Committee observation based on the clinical trial registry criteria (IRCT20190624043991N1). Total numbers of 42 percutaneous nephrolithotomies (PCNL) patients were enrolled, 21 cases hemostatic powder and 21 controls. Hemostatic powder pumped into Amplatz sheath before its extraction.<br /><strong>Results</strong><br />The mean age of the case and control groups was 42.1±19.5, and 42.1±18.5 years, respectively. The median stone size was 11.3±1.85cm. Overall, the differences between sex, age, stone size, and location were not statistically significant in the two groups (p-value˃0.05). Serum hemoglobin reduction following PCNL was significant in both groups compared to the serum level before surgery (p-value<0.001). However, the difference was not significant between case and control groups postoperatively (p-value=0.727). Yet, postoperative serum creatinine reduction was not significantly different between the two groups compared to preoperative serum levels (p-value>0.05).<br /><strong>Conclusions</strong><br />The present study showed that microporous polysaccharide hemosphere (MPH) did not affect bleeding reduction, hemoglobin decline, and postoperative blood transfusion, and hospital stay.
Hemostatic Agents,Percutaneous nephrolithotomy,Tubeless Surgeries,microporous polysaccharide hemospheres
http://www.transresurology.com/article_119549.html
http://www.transresurology.com/article_119549_44a94a0fba485c3c9aaee335f079ce82.pdf
Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Translational Research in Urology
2717-042X
2
3
2020
08
18
Complete Renal Duplication with Dysplastic Lower Moiety: A Case Report
89
92
EN
Fateme
Guitynavard
0000-0002-7664-5329
Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
f_guitynavard@ymail.com
Behrooz
Fatahi
0000-0001-7674-036
Department of Urology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Lorestan, Iran
b.fatahi4@gmail.com
Rahil
Mashhadi
0000-0003-1788-5282
Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
rh_mashhadi@yahoo.com
Vahid
Abedi
0000-0003-4084-9263
Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
drvahidabedi@gmail.com
Alireza
Gorji
Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
gorjialireza9@gmail.com
Mohammad Hatef
Khorrami
0000-0003-1246-6345
Department of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
khorami@med.mui.ac.ir
10.22034/TRU.2020.245632.1029
<strong>Introduction</strong><br />Ureter duplication is a common anomaly of the urinary tract in which both ureters drain one kidney. In bipolar renal duplication, the Meyer-Weigert-Rule describes the duplex ureters draining pattern. Owing to obstruction, the upper pole is usually seen as dysplastic, while the lower pole is associated with vesicoureteral reflux.<br /><strong>Case presentation</strong><br />Herein, we report a rare case of renal duplication in which the lower moiety is dysplastic. A 30-year-old woman with a right single kidney with atrophic and dysfunction without secretions.<br /><strong>Conclusions</strong><br />Radiologists and urologists should always be aware because if the lower moiety is obstructive, this newly implemented variation can require individualized care.<br /><strong> </strong>
Renal duplication,Meyer-Weigert-Rule,dysplastic kidney
http://www.transresurology.com/article_119682.html
http://www.transresurology.com/article_119682_18cdc05f1c959ca64aa627a5d86e90ac.pdf
Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Translational Research in Urology
2717-042X
2
3
2020
08
22
Circulating Tumor Cells as a Novel Prostate Cancer Diagnostic Tool
93
95
EN
Fatemeh
Khatami
0000-0002-6311-1336
Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
fatemehkhatami1978@gmail.com
Mandana
Hasanzad
Medical Genomics Research Center, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
mandanahasanzad@yahoo.com
10.22034/tru.2020.260779.1055
The current screening test for prostate cancer (PCa) has the weak point of a high false-negative rate and a low true positive rate. There is an extreme need for a new and accurate testing system. Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) as the main liquid biopsy components provide excellent biomarkers for early diagnosis of PCa, prognosis, recurrence risk, and treatment efficacy. These tumor cells can get the release of tumor and freely circulate in the patient’s body fluids and easily are traceable to answer the presence of the tumor more than its stage. The new gifted ISET®-CTC Test is a simple blood test with high sensitivity and specificity for the detection of CTC in PCa. As a novel idea, it is a challengeable point nowadays that it needs further studies.
circulating tumor cells,Prostate Cancer,benign prostatic hyperplasia
http://www.transresurology.com/article_120191.html
http://www.transresurology.com/article_120191_b55d6b1169ae6f45714d3fe499da3dbc.pdf
Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Translational Research in Urology
2717-042X
2
3
2020
08
24
The Molecular Structure and Case Fatality Rate of COVID-19
96
106
EN
Zahra Sadat
Aghamir
Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
aghamirzahra@gmail.com
Sepideh
Shivarani
Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
shivarani@gamil.com
Rima
Manafi Shabestari
Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
manafirima@gmail.com
10.22034/tru.2021.269615.1060
A new coronavirus recognized as 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is the etiological cause in charge of the 2019-2020 viral pneumonia worldwide outbreak. The molecular structure and genome of this virus are identical to SARA-CoV and for an unknown reason, it is highly transmittable. The spike protein is responsible to attach to the host cell and viral single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) entrance to the cells. Upon binding of the Spike proteins to the host cell ACE2 receptor and merging with the membrane, COVID-19 ssRNA goes to the host cells. The viral RNAs are recognized as the foreign element by TLR3, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9 in the host cell. The viral genome receptor retinoic-acid inducible, cytosolic receptor melanoma differentiation-associated gene and nucleotidyltransferase cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is in charge of viral RNA representation in the cytoplasm. Now there is no targeted therapeutics with high efficacies for the treatment of Covid 19 disease. More than usual medication some interfering RNA molecules are under debate. The reason for being high transmission of COVID-19 is not recognized. This virus pandemic is now all over the world.
COVID-19,Proteins,2019 novel coronavirus,Case Fatality Rate
http://www.transresurology.com/article_124716.html
http://www.transresurology.com/article_124716_3f3e82925511e12803853b24e297aae1.pdf
Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Translational Research in Urology
2717-042X
2
3
2020
08
15
An Interesting Similarity of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin and Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells
107
109
EN
Seyed Saeed
Tamehri Zadeh
0000-0001-7803-5850
Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
tamehrysaeed@gmail.com
AhmadReza
Rezaeian
Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
parsarezaeian_34@yahoo.com
10.22034/tru.2021.266267.1057
Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is approved for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer treatment a long time ago. Chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-Tcell), are T cells are genetically engineered T cells that produce an artificial T-cell receptor for use in immunotherapy. Chimeric antigen receptors are receptor proteins that have been engineered to give T cells the new ability to target a specific protein Its effect is mostly achieved using activating the immune system; the same mechanism proposed likely for chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. Hence CAR-T cell therapy could be considered for bladder cancer treatment.
CAR-T cell,Bacillus Calmette-Guerin,Bladder Cancer Treatment
http://www.transresurology.com/article_124781.html
http://www.transresurology.com/article_124781_43b0fda527966aff38446c893db0014e.pdf